What chronic disease is characterized by thickening and hardening of the arterial walls?

The condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the arterial walls is known as arteriosclerosis. This term specifically refers to the general stiffening and thickening of arteries, which can lead to reduced blood flow and various cardiovascular issues.

Arteriosclerosis often occurs as a result of aging and can involve the loss of elasticity in the arterial walls, making it a significant factor in cardiovascular health. It can increase blood pressure and contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

While atherosclerosis is also related to arterial health, it specifically refers to the build-up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances on the artery walls, forming plaques that can lead to blockages. Coronary artery disease is a specific type of heart disease that arises from atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Hypertension, on the other hand, refers to high blood pressure and is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, but it does not directly describe the hardening and thickening of the arteries themselves.