What is atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease characterized by the buildup of plaques, which are made up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances, within the arterial walls. This process narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow, ultimately increasing the risk of serious conditions such as heart attack and stroke. It typically develops over many years and is associated with risk factors such as high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Understanding atherosclerosis is crucial in the study of human body systems, as it highlights the importance of cardiovascular health and the potential catastrophic effects of artery blockage on overall health and bodily functions.