What is meant by immunity?

Immunity refers to the body's ability to resist or fend off a particular disease or infection, and this is fundamentally defined by the immune system's capabilities. When an individual has immunity to a specific disease, it means their body has developed a defense mechanism, often through previous exposure to the pathogen or through vaccination, that enables them to effectively combat the disease-causing agent, such as bacteria or viruses.

The definition highlights that immunity is not about the outright inability to contract any disease, which would imply a total absence of disease occurrence. Instead, it focuses on the ability to fight off specific pathogens once exposure has occurred. In addition, immunity is not limited to the response to bacteria alone but encompasses a wide range of disease-causing organisms, including viruses and fungi, indicating a more comprehensive protective capability provided by the immune system. The production of blood cells, while important for overall health, is a separate process that contributes to but does not define immunity itself.