What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune system?

The primary function of macrophages in the immune system is to engulf pathogens. Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the body's defense mechanisms. They recognize, ingest, and destroy foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and debris from dead cells through a process known as phagocytosis. This process not only helps in eliminating pathogens but also plays a significant role in alerting other immune cells to the presence of infection or injury, effectively bridging innate and adaptive immunity. By engulfing and digesting these pathogens, macrophages help to initiate an immune response, making them essential for maintaining the body’s health and fighting infections.