What is the primary role of antibodies in humoral immunity?

The primary role of antibodies in humoral immunity is to identify and neutralize pathogens. Antibodies are specialized proteins produced by B cells in response to the presence of foreign antigens, such as those found on the surface of bacteria and viruses. Once these antibodies recognize and bind to the antigens, they can neutralize the pathogens directly or mark them for destruction by other components of the immune system. This process is crucial in preventing infections and ensuring that the body can effectively respond to various pathogens it encounters.

By contrast, some options mention functions that do not pertain to antibodies. For instance, the transport of oxygen in the blood is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells, while storing genetic material is primarily managed by structures such as DNA in the nucleus of cells. The production of more lymphocytes is a function of bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, rather than a direct action of antibodies themselves. Thus, the function of antibodies in identifying and neutralizing pathogens distinctly aligns with their role in humoral immunity.